![]() ![]() due to iron metabolism disorders and hemoglobinopathy), macrocytic anemia (e.g. Iron determinations are performed for the diagnosis and monitoring of microcytic anemia (e.g. ![]() Iron (non‑heme) measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases such as iron deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis (a disease associated with widespread deposit in the tissue of the two iron‑containing pigments, hemosiderin and hemofuscin, and characterized by pigmentation of the skin), and chronic renal disease. Serum iron is almost completely bound to transferrin. A maximum of 2 Fe 3+ ions per protein molecule can be transported. The transport of Fe ions in blood plasma takes place via transferrin‑iron complexes. Before passing into the plasma, these are oxidized by ceruloplasmin to Fe 3+ and bound to transferrin in this form. Upon reaching the mucosal cells, Fe 2+ ions become bound to transport substances. The trivalent form and the heme‑bound Fe 3+ component of iron in food has to be reduced by vitamin C. Ingested iron is mainly absorbed in the form of Fe 2+ in the duodenum and upper jejunum. ![]()
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